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关于调解
什么是调解?
调解是替代性争议解决的一种形式,已经使用了 2000 多年。它的起源可以追溯到古希腊,那里有指定的社会成员来干预和协助公民解决他们的纠纷。这样做是为了维持他们社会的和平与秩序。古希腊人民的这种文化方法不仅仍然是他们社会的宝贵组成部分,而且在现代全世界也非常流行。美国在 1960 年代采用了这种方法,当时工人开始罢工并要求提高工资和工作条件。由于在调解这些劳动争议问题上取得了成功,调解已被大多数美国法院采纳。利用调解有助于减轻司法系统的负担,在早期阶段化解矛盾,而不是将案件拖到审判阶段;这对当事人/法院来说是非常昂贵的。
现代调解员远不只是村长平息关于牛的争论。大多数调解员都是受过高等教育的专业人士,在争议解决的艺术和方法方面接受过培训。他们完全有能力发现有时不是当事方陈述的问题,而是发现和定义需要帮助的更根本的问题。调解员能够澄清问题、解决问题,并协助各方为他们的问题找到独特和定制的解决方案。调解员始终保持中立,其唯一目标是确保各方能够做出知情和授权的决定。调解人完全控制了交流的语气和节奏,但从来没有最终的结果。所有调解结果均由委托人决定。
调解始终是一个自愿的过程。这听起来可能很奇怪,因为许多诉讼当事人被命令进行调解,但没有一方被命令解决纠纷。如果调解未能成功解决争议,法官将最终决定诉讼当事人之间的争议将如何结束。当各方被命令进行调解时,他们只是被命令与专业调解员坐在一起,看看他们是否可以按照自己的条件解决冲突。在替代性争议解决的世界里,我们认为调解是解决冲突的最佳形式,因为没有人比有关各方更了解事情的复杂性,因此他们最有能力选择最适合的解决方案情况。大量调解成功解决了案件的大部分(如果不是全部)问题。大多数人在调解方面都有非常积极的经验,并利用机会自己做出重要决定,而不是掷骰子让法官或陪审团决定他们的事情。调解也是真正了解另一方在某件事上的立场的好方法,可以揭示过去发生的许多沟通不畅的问题。至少,当未达成协议时,双方对法庭的准备要充分得多,因为问题已经得到更好的界定,而且各方都得到了更多的信息。
调解是保密的。保密也有例外,例如讨论虐待或忽视儿童或老人、计划在不久的将来实施犯罪、欺诈以及类似性质的事情。另一个例外是,如果所有各方都同意放弃保密性。还有其他例外,但这些是最常见的示例。任何经调解达成、书面化并由当事人签署的协议,均可提交法院,并最终被采纳并作出法院命令。调解中达成的所有书面协议均由各方签署并具有法律约束力。当事人可以选择对协议保密,但大多数提交给法庭的协议都会成为法庭记录,因此也会成为公开记录。
使用 AEP 调解和公证服务进行调解
第一阶段
寻求调解的一方将通过电话 1-877-377-1116(打电话)、1-561-334-8812(发送短信或 WhatsApp)或发送电子邮件至 info@aepmns.org 联系调解协调员,以讨论问题,案件的状态(是否已经立案,案件是否在司法程序中,法官是否已下令调解等),并提供对方的联系方式派对。
第二阶段
然后,调解协调员将充当各方之间的联络人,以找到调解的最佳日期和时间,并将指示原告/请愿人/投诉方通过网站预订选定的日期。收到预订后,将向另一方发送他们付款部分的发票。
第三阶段
一旦双方支付了调解费,指定的调解员将联系所有各方,通过文件请求、Zoom 链接和任何其他必要的细节为调解做准备,以确保在调解之前解决所有问题和疑虑。
第四阶段
各方需要创建一个免费的 zoom 帐户(不到五分钟),然后单击调解员提供的链接以在预定日期参加调解。当事人可以这样做来自世界任何地方,在手机、平板电脑、台式机或笔记本电脑(具有音频和视频功能)上;只要他们的位置安静且私密(因为调解必须在可以实现保密的地方进行)。
五期
调解员将以包括规则和指南的开场陈述开始,各方将能够从他们的角度定义争议。然后,调解员将引导沟通朝着积极的方向发展,并帮助各方达成共识。如果达成协议,调解员将在专门为所调解的争议创建的模板上起草协议。一旦双方审查了协议,他们将收到自己独特的链接以电子方式签署协议。
第六阶段
调解后,双方将收到一份具有法律约束力的协议副本(其中包括电子签名真实性证书)和一份调解报告,以提交给法院。如果当事人没有向法院提起诉讼,他们可以稍后在法庭上使用调解协议,法官可以确保达成的协议得到执行。
如果您是第一次使用 Zoom,请观看下面的视频,了解有关使用 Zoom 的更多信息。
Mediation "Styles"
Mediation encompasses various styles, each with its own approach to resolving disputes. Here are the main styles of mediation:
Facilitative Mediation
In facilitative mediation, the mediator acts as a neutral facilitator who guides the parties through the process. The mediator helps clarify issues, encourages open communication, and assists in generating options for resolution. The focus is on empowering the parties to reach a mutually acceptable agreement.
Transformative Mediation
Transformative mediation emphasizes empowering the parties and transforming their relationship. The mediator facilitates communication, encourages empathy and understanding, and helps parties recognize each other's perspectives. The goal is not only to reach a resolution but also to strengthen relationships and promote personal growth.
Evaluative Mediation
In evaluative mediation, the mediator takes a more active role in evaluating the merits of each party's position and providing feedback on potential outcomes. The mediator may offer legal insights, assess the strengths and weaknesses of each party's case, and propose settlement options based on their evaluation. The focus is on reaching a settlement that is fair and legally sound.
Directive Mediation
Directive mediation involves a mediator who takes a proactive role in guiding the parties towards a resolution. The mediator may offer suggestions, make recommendations, and even impose solutions if necessary. This style is more directive and focused on achieving a quick resolution, often suitable for complex cases or parties who need more guidance.
Narrative Mediation
Narrative mediation focuses on storytelling and reframing the narrative of the conflict. The mediator helps parties explore the underlying narratives that drive their conflict, challenge negative perceptions, and create new narratives that support resolution and understanding. This style emphasizes the importance of language and how it shapes our understanding of conflicts.
Community Mediation
Community mediation involves resolving disputes within a community setting, often facilitated by trained community mediators. This style emphasizes community involvement, collaboration, and restorative justice principles. Community mediators work to address underlying community issues, rebuild relationships, and promote harmony within the community.
Each style of mediation offers unique advantages and may be more suitable for certain types of disputes or parties. Mediators may adapt their approach based on the specific needs and dynamics of the parties involved, aiming to facilitate a fair, efficient, and mutually acceptable resolution.
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With our experienced mediators and advanced technology, we are able to provide efficient and effective mediation services that are tailored to your unique situation. Our remote mediation services will also allow you to participate in the mediation process from anywhere in the world, on the device of your choosing.